Creative BioMart has established a comprehensive cell-free protein synthesis platform, on which customers can find various systems based on different cell extracts. The following is the comparison of each CFPS system. We hope these comparisons can help customers make the right choice.
| CFPS system | Cell lineage | Source material | Host organism pharmaceutical applications | Extract preparation time | Batch productivity (combined Tx/Tl) | Relative product yield |
| E. coli extract | Prokaryotic (Gram negative bacteria) | Cell culture | 29.8% of Bio-pharmaceuticals | 1-2 days | 200-500mg/mL protein | ~1.5 |
| Hela cell extract | Eukaryotic (Human) | Cell culture | None | 1-2 days | 240mg/mL active luciferase | ~0.5 |
| Insect cell extract | Eukaryotic (Spodoptera frugiperda) | Cell culture | None | 1-2 days | 45mg/mL active firefly luciferase | ~0.3 |
| Leishmania tarentolae extract | Eukaryotic (Protozoa) | Cell culture | None | 1-2 days | 220mg/mL active EGFP | ~0.2 |
| Rabbit reticulocyte lysate | Eukaryotic (Mammalian/ New Zealand white rabbits) | Rabbit reticulocyte cells | None | 4 days to treat rabbit 1 day for extract prep. | 1-10 mg/mL active firefly luciferase | ~0.03 |
| Wheat germ extract | Eukaryotic (Plant) | Wheat germ | None | 4-5 days | 1-10 mg/mL active firefly luciferase | ~0.03 |
| Yeast extract | Eukaryotic (Yeast/S. cerevisiae) | Cell culture | 18.5% of Bio-pharmaceuticals | 1-2 days | 8 mg/mL active firefly luciferase | ~0.4 |
Common cell extracts in use today are made from E. coli (ECE), rabbit reticulocytes (RRL), wheat germ (WGE), insect cells (ICE) and yeast. All of these expression services and corresponding kits are available at Creative BioMart. Here is the comparison of their advantages and limitations.
| Type | Advantages | Limitations |
| E. coli S30 extract | 1. Cell extract preparation is simple and cost-effective 2. High protein synthesis yield 3. High rate of protein synthesis 4. Clearly elucidated biochemical knowledge and well-established tools for genetic modifications 5. Low-cost energy sources 6. Able to fold complex proteins |
1. Lack of post-translational modifications 2. No eukaryotic-specific modifications |
| Insect cell extract | 1. Easy cell breakage and quick preparation of extract 2. Various eukaryotic-specific modifications 3. Signal sequence processing |
1. Cell cultivation is expensive and time-consuming 2. Poor genetic modification tools |
| Rabbit reticulocyte lysate | 1. Easy cell breakage and quick preparation of extract 2. Eukaryotic-specific modifications 3. High protein yield of hemoglobin protein while moderate/low yields for other proteins |
1. Complex manipulation of animal tissue required 2. Narrow spectrum of proteins expressed to date 3. High background of endogenous globin mRNAs and abundance of RNase M 4. Poor genetic modification tools 5. Low protein synthesis yields |
| Wheat germ extract | 1. Wide-spectrum expression of eukaryotic proteins has been achieved repeatedly 2. High yield of complex proteins 3. Sophisticated high-throughput method for proteomics |
1. Low yield of extract from cells 2. Special washing procedure of wheat germ is needed 3. Poor genetic modification tools |
| Yeast extract | 1. Low-cost and scalable cultivation 2. Clearly elucidated biochemical knowledge and well established tools for genetic modifications 3. Some eukaryotic-specific modifications |
1. Rigid cell wall made from various polysaccharides makes lysis more difficult 2. High abundance of various ATPases and phosphatases in some organelles 3. Low protein synthesis yield |
Customers who need our assistance are more than welcome to contact us or submit an online inquiry. Our professional team will provide you with detailed guidance and solution ASAP.
